what is the device used to help flose under a bridge

one. Repeater – A repeater operates at the physical layer. Its job is to regenerate the indicate over the same network before the betoken becomes also weak or corrupted so as to extend the length to which the bespeak tin can be transmitted over the same network. An of import signal to exist noted most repeaters is that they do not amplify the point. When the bespeak becomes weak, they re-create the point bit by fleck and regenerate information technology at the original strength. It is a ii port device.

two. Hub –  A hub is basically a multiport repeater. A hub connects multiple wires coming from different branches, for instance, the connector in star topology which connects dissimilar stations. Hubs cannot filter data, so data packets are sent to all connected devices.  In other words, the collision domain of all hosts continued through Hub remains i.  Likewise, they do not have the intelligence to find out the all-time path for data packets which leads to inefficiencies and wastage.

Types of Hub

• Active Hub:- These are the hubs that have their own power supply and can make clean, boost, and relay the signal along with the network. It serves both as a repeater every bit well as a wiring center. These are used to extend the maximum altitude between nodes.
• Passive Hub :- These are the hubs that collect wiring from nodes and power supply from the active hub. These hubs relay signals onto the network without cleaning and boosting them and tin can't be used to extend the distance between nodes.
• Intelligent Hub :- It works like active hubs and includes remote management capabilities. They also provide flexible data rates to network devices. It too enables an administrator to monitor the traffic passing through the hub and to configure each port in the hub.

3. Bridge – A bridge operates at the data link layer. A bridge is a repeater, with add on the functionality of filtering content past reading the MAC addresses of source and destination. Information technology is also used for interconnecting 2 LANs working on the aforementioned protocol. Information technology has a single input and unmarried output port, thus making it a 2 port device.

Types of Bridges

• Transparent Bridges:- These are the bridge in which the stations are completely unaware of the bridge'south existence i.e. whether or not a bridge is added or deleted from the network, reconfiguration of the stations is unnecessary. These bridges make use of two processes i.due east. span forwarding and span learning.
• Source Routing Bridges:- In these bridges, routing performance is performed by the source station and the frame specifies which road to follow. The host can discover the frame by sending a special frame called the discovery frame, which spreads through the entire network using all possible paths to the destination.

iv. Switch – A switch is a multiport span with a buffer and a design that can heave its efficiency(a large number of ports imply less traffic) and performance. A switch is a information link layer device. The switch can perform error checking before forwarding data, which makes it very efficient as it does non forwards packets that have errors and forward practiced packets selectively to the correct port only.  In other words, the switch divides the collision domain of hosts, but circulate domain remains the same.

5. Routers – A router is a device like a switch that routes data packets based on their IP addresses. The router is mainly a Network Layer device. Routers commonly connect LANs and WANs together and accept a dynamically updating routing table based on which they make decisions on routing the data packets. Router split broadcast domains of hosts continued through it.

vi. Gateway – A gateway, as the name suggests, is a passage to connect 2 networks together that may work upon different networking models. They basically work as the messenger agents that take data from one organisation, interpret information technology, and transfer information technology to another organisation. Gateways are likewise called protocol converters and tin can operate at any network layer. Gateways are generally more complex than switches or routers. Gateway is also chosen a protocol converter.

7. Brouter – Information technology is likewise known as the bridging router is a device that combines features of both span and router. It can work either at the data link layer or a network layer. Working as a router, it is capable of routing packets beyond networks, and working as the bridge, it is capable of filtering local area network traffic.

viii. NIC – NIC or network interface carte du jour is a network adapter that is used to connect the computer to the network. Information technology is installed in the reckoner to constitute a LAN.  Information technology has a unique id that is written on the chip, and it has a connector to connect the cable to it. The cable acts equally an interface between the reckoner and router or modem. NIC carte du jour is a layer 2 device which means that it works on both physical and data link layer of the network model.

References :
Data Communications and Networking

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Source: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/network-devices-hub-repeater-bridge-switch-router-gateways/

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